Computer Science after A Level or Inter: which degree, and why they are not the same thing
UsSalam-o-AlaiKum. Every November the same message lands in my WhatsApp conversations. "Sir, CS or Software Engineering? Is AI better? My cousin says Computer Engineering has more scope." The student is in the middle of exam & tests preps. The parent is in the middle of prospectuses. Nobody has slept. So here is the short version I give in class, written down once. Read it before the exams. Decide after them. First, the truth nobody prints on the prospectus These are not different names for the same degree. They are different disciplines with different parent bodies. The ACM and the IEEE Computer Society write the curriculum guidelines most of the world copies. Their Computing Curricula 2020 report lists seven undergraduate computing disciplines: Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Information Systems, Data Science and Cybersecurity. Pakistan's HEC curriculum for computing (2023 edition, revised in October 2025)...